Root Perforations are an undesired complication of endodontic treatment which result in loss of integrity of the Root, and adversely affect the prognosis of the treatment. Recently, Iranian mineral trioxide aggregate (Root MTA) has been introduced as an ideal material for Perforation repair. In this article a successful repair of strip Root Perforation of mandibular molar using Root MTA is presented with 15-month follow-up. This case suggests that Root MTA may be a substitute material for the treatment of strip Perforation; however, more clinical studies with larger sample size and longer follow-ups are needed.

Statement of the Problem: Different materials have been used to repair Root Perforations, the most successful of which is mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). It is technically difficult to use MTA for Perforation repair. Recently, some bio-ceramic sealers such as Endoseal MTA were introduced to repair the Perforation site during Root filling, which decreases the technical difficulty of this procedure. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the bacterial microleakage of Pro-Root MTA and Endoseal MTA sealer in Root Perforation repair. Materials and Method: This in vitro experimental study evaluated 40 extracted canine teeth. After Root canal cleaning and shaping, a Root Perforation was artificially created at 7 mm below the cementoenamel junction. The teeth were then randomly divided into two ex-perimental groups (n=18) of Pro-Root MTA and Endoseal MTA, and two positive and nega-tive control groups (n=2). Perforation sealing and Root canal filling were performed in the two experimental groups according to the manufacturers’ instructions. After sterilization of the whole system with gamma ray, microleakage was tested using a double-chamber model. Data regarding the presence/absence of microleakage were reported after 35 days. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using the Chi-square test. Results: There was no significant difference between the two experimental groups regarding bacterial microleakage (p> 0. 05). Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that the sealing ability of Perforation repair with Endoseal MTA Sealer and Pro-Root MTA was comparable.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of two electronic apex locators (Smarpex and NovApex) in detecting apical Perforation.Materials and Methods: After access cavity preparations, the working length was determined by the first examiner before and after Perforation with a stereomicroscope by introducing a K-file size 10 into the canal and size 25 K-file up to the Perforation site, respectively. The specimens were embedded in a 17-well plastic box containing alginate. The Root canals were irrigated with chlorhexidine 0.2% (CHX) through a 27-gauge needle. Two examiners measured the Root canal length twice and the mean value was calculated. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and ANOVA tests.Results: The results obtained with each Electronic Apex Locator were compared with the corresponding control length. The statistical analysis showed reliable accuracies in detecting the Perforation site for the two experimental electronic apex locators (60% and 80% for NovApex and Smarpex, respectively).Conclusion: Although no significant difference was shown between Smarpex and NovApex, these results suggest that electronic apex locators can effectively and reproducibly detect Root canal Perforations.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical success of the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as Root canal sealer in Root Perforation treatments. Therefore, the dental records of 53 patients were analyzed, and treatment data was collected (age, gender, tooth location, jaw, presence or absence of radiolucent lesion, fallow up time and final radiographic/clinical assessment). All procedures were performed by a single specialist. Two examiners analyzed three radiographs from the records of each patient and classified the treatments as successful or unsuccessful. Data was analyzed statistically using parametric chi-square (P≤ 0. 05). The examiners classified 69. 8% of the cases as successful, with a follow-up time of 1-16. 25 years (average: 6 years). The presence of initial radiolucent lesion was observed in 79. 2% of the teeth, with a higher index of treatment in maxillary teeth (62. 3%). However, the majority of successful cases were located in the maxilla (73. 0%), while most unsuccessful ones were located in the mandible (62. 5%) (P=0. 014). There was no statistically significant difference regarding presence of previous lesions in successful (75. 7%) and unsuccessful cases (87. 5%) (P=0. 330). In the present study, Root Perforations sealed with MTA had a success rate of 69. 8% within 1-16. 25 years. The presence of initial injury did not influence the prognosis, and maxillary teeth presented a higher success rate.